Rainfall and effects on preschool toddlers (Little Millennium)
Winter season tips for kids school toddlers (Little Millennium)
A field visit is always a happy a venture for the pre school toddlers (alisha javeri)
Preschoolers must be inculcated with the good manners while perusing pre primary school (Little Millennium)
Little Millennium makes your toddler competent and confident in 21st century (alisha javeri)
High Tech & Classroom Management: New Era of Education (Sameer Buti)
Why Tutoring Is Important for Students (Ralph Gomez)
How Tutors Can Help Your Student
For students that are homeschooled, a tutor can help with those subjects that you are not especially strong in.
Some students perform well academically, but require help with organization and focus while doing homework.
Some students simply need more time to practice certain skills, no matter how well they are presented in class.
Time with a tutor provides a safe and supportive environment in which to learn without the pressure of comparisons to classmates or to complete the work in a fixed time.
An example of success is the federal tutoring program in select Chicago schools. The Federal SES program, in which Chicago schools participated, showed that students who attended their after-school tutoring sessions showed more of a learning gain in reading and math than those who did not.
Tutors can provide an alternative learning experience for anxious learners - in which learning becomes something they look forward to, rather than dread
Tutors can provide students with important role models, giving them an idea of a better future for themselves
Tutors can inspire students to shoot for much bigger goals - goals that go far beyond simply completing their assignments or passing a class
Having a tutor for your student has many benefits for the student, but also benefits the family, which shares the anxiety and stress the struggling student is feeling right along with him or her. Knowing they have the tools to succeed can help students see themselves as capable and equal to their peers and can help them in developing healthy self-image. When children know they can learn and do well in school, it translates into every other area of their life and the tools they discover will help them succeed in their future endeavors in the classroom and beyond.
Ralph Gomez is the author of this article on why tutoring is important for students. As a history tutor at tutor spot, he recognized that tutoring is essential for children that need help or feel overwhelmed.Precautions During Winter For Your Small Bees Going To Playschool In Bangalore (Little Millennium)
Long undergarment is essential outfits that you must buy for your kid. However most long apparel secure the whole body system, this creates it quite tasking especially for mother and father who have youngsters and babies who still use nappies. Changing nappies would be challenging when you have to eliminate the top most part of the outfits until you've eliminated the last fabric that is long undergarment. In any case, developers of long undergarment have now designed a new style to help parents and also care takers at playschool in Bangalore change nappies quickly. Long undergarment with flap is most trouble-free since nappies would be easy to eliminate. Parents now look after this design to help them feel better.
Long undergarments are protected with another part such as snowsuits. Toddler snowsuits give additional comfort and protection against the snowfall that originally variations or creates contact with the outfits. These snowsuits are either water-proof or water-resistant. This is especially true because snowsuits are intended to create youngsters dry and heated. If you'll buy snowsuits just create sure to pick the right size for your kid, so that he or she will not have difficulties carrying a heavy kid snowsuit. Heavy snowsuits that are large would create it challenging for your kid to balance their techniques as they walk around during winters at playschool in Bangalore.
Winter season should be a good connection here we are at the rest of the family. After fun period of time in the snowfall mother and father could prepare a hot candy drink with marsh mallows for the children to enjoy. Also a nice hot shower could provide a relaxing comfort to your child's skin at playschool in Bangalore. After playing in the snowfall, making snowmen, angels and snowballs, some kids may have moved dirty or bumpy ground as sometimes these may not be prevented. Don't worry! If you let your kid take a shower he or she will absolutely experience fresh and heated. A shower in a hot tub could likewise avoid cool. However as showering may also be pleasant, never leave your youngsters in the shower tub by themselves. Always be present at to your kid to avoid small injuries
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Is This The Future Of Private Education In Australia? (Trevor Levine)
A Sign Of Things To Come
With the cost of privately educating your child in Australia rapidly outpacing inflation for the foreseeable future, what does this mean for parents faced with ever-higher bills? As ASG predicts that Adelaide will retain its position as the cheapest city, we could see a migration in terms of where parents choose to send their children or an increase in boarding options for schools in those areas.
The Limits To Compromises
While overall the numbers of students in private education in Australia have fallen slightly from where they were a few years ago, parents are far more likely to make financial cutbacks in other areas of their lives than pull their children out of private schooling. Private education offers the highest educational standards, the best facilities and the most opportunities for children's happiness as well as their education. With no signs of Australia's public school system dramatically improving any time soon, research shows that parents are unwilling to give up on private education. ASG's research indicated that parents will forgo holidays, home improvements and gadgets before deciding to pull the plug on their child's education opportunities.
A Vision Of The Future
A private school, Fernhill, in Glasgow Scotland recently hit the headlines for offering mortgage-type repayment schemes for school fees. It's not impossible that Australian private schools will follow suit. Fernhill's annual fees top nearly $15,000 (?9,000) and in response to the pressures that parents are facing financially they devised an innovative solution. In order to make education more affordable, Fernhill is currently offering parents the chance to spread the cost of fees over ten years, and they are offering this interest free. One of the school's governor claimed that parents who took advantage of this scheme could see their monthly payments drop by a half.
The Future For Australian Parents?
Depending of the success of mortgage-style schemes like the one offered by Fernhill, the choices facing Australian parents who wish for their children to enjoy a private education could be blow wide open in the next few years. It's possible that more Australian private schools could offer these schemes. If we look back at the UK, some financial service companies are also starting to offer long-term loans for education. These same loans could become more popular in Australia over the coming years. As a private education become less affordable for many Australians, we'll certainly see more options available for financing.
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Greatest Common Divisor definition (dave hook)
Greatest common divisor definition Examples:
Greatest common divisor definition Example 1:
Find the greatest common divisor of given numbers 48, 180
Solution:
48 is written by 48 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 3
180 is written by 180 = 2 ? 2 ? 3 ? 3 ? 5.
Therefore the greatest common divisor = 2 x 2 x 3 = 12
Greatest common divisor definition Example 2:
Find the greatest common divisor of given numbers 21, 15
Solution:
21 is written by 21 = 3 x 7
15 is written by 15 = 3 x 5
Therefore the greatest common divisor = 3
Greatest common divisor definition Example 3:
Find the greatest common divisor of given numbers 15, 21, 18
Solution:
15 is written by 15 = 3 x 5
21 is written by 21 = 3 x 7
18 is written by 18 = 3 x 3 x 2
Therefore the greatest common divisor = 3
Greatest common divisor definition Example 4:
Find the greatest common divisor of given numbers 15, 21
Solution:
15 is written by 15 = 3 x 5
21 is written by 21 = 3 x 7
Therefore the greatest common divisor = 3
Greatest common divisor definition More Examples:
Greatest common divisor definition Example 1:
Find the greatest common divisor of given numbers 25, 65
Solution:
25 is written by 25 = 5 x 5
65 is written by 65 = 5 x 13
Therefore the greatest common divisor = 5
Greatest common divisor definition Example 2:
Find the greatest common divisor of given numbers 8, 64, 128
Solution:
8 is written by 8 = 2 x 2 x 2
64 is written by 64 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
128 is written by 128 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
Therefore the greatest common divisor = 2 x 2 x 2 = 8
Greatest common divisor definition Example 3:
Find the greatest common divisor of given numbers 8, 18
Solution:
8 is written by 8 = 2 x 2 x 2
18 is written by 18 = 2 ? 3 ? 3.
Therefore the greatest common divisor = 2
Preparation for greatest common factor - example problems.
here we are going to prepare some example problems for gcf
Preparation example: 1
Find the greatest common denominator for 18, 16 using prime factorization method.
Solution:
First we have to find the prime factor for each number
Prime factor for 18 = 2, 3, 3
Prime factor for 16 = 2, 2, 2, 2
Here the common terms for both = 2
Therefore the gcf of given number is = 2
Preparation example: 2
Find the greatest common factor for 55,121
Solution:
First we have to find the prime factors for each
Prime factor for 55 = 5, 11
Prime factor for 121 = 11,11
Here the common term = 11
Therefore the gcf of 55, 121 = 11
Preparation for greatest common factor - example: 3
Preparation example: 3
Find the greatest common factor for 48, 124, and 76
Solution:
First we have to find the prime factor for each one
Prime factor for 48 = 2, 2, 2, 2, 3
Prime factor for 124 = 2,2, 31
Prime factor for 76 = 2,2,19
Here the common factor is 2, 2
Therefore the gcf of given number is 2 * 2 = 4
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Quality standards in a Preschool & its importance. (Pavankumar)
So, how many quality preschools do we have in our country, making a preschool qualitative enough to satisfy the needs of parents and how do one measure a quality in a preschool ?
Look out for following in a preschool to measure its quality,
1. Parent Company the preschool belongs to:
It takes time for a new company to settle down and focus on quality as they work more on trial and error basis, so always prefer a preschool that comes from the house of well established company especially in the same filed of Education.
Oi Playschool comes from the house of People Combine, a group that has pioneered and defined the way education is perceived in India. The group is backed by 20 years of expertise in the field of Education.
2. Centre Head/Centre Manager:
Centre Heads/ Centre Managers in a preschool are mostly females and represents the entire preschool. She plays a major role in molding the behavior of your child in many ways. A good centre head will know the ways and means of handling children and parents effectively. She will not only be a good counseller, but will be full of energy, patience and affection for children.
Oi Playschool selects its centre heads after a rigorous recruitment process and they are specially trained on handling their roles in an effective way. Continuous training is provided to the centre heads to improve them on various aspects that a preschool in today's world demands.
3. Teachers:
Teachers are an integral part of a child's life. A child spends all his time in a school with his/her class teacher, so it is very important for a teacher to be qualitative enough to pass on those traits to children. Quality of a teacher can be measured with the way she handles a child. Knowing the fact that every child is different is very important for a teacher to inculcate a life long learning process.
At Oi Playschool, teachers are carefully selected and trained to handle children effectively. Oi Playschool also focuses a lot on language training to teachers as they interact with kids for almost 3-4 hours in a day and at this tender age a child will learn and imitate what ever a teacher communicates with him/her.
4. Qualifications of Teaching staff:
A recent survey revealed that there are almost 20-25 preschools prevailing in an area with in its 5 km radius and not all of them are equipped with a qualified staff. Though, being a preschool teacher don't need to have a post graduate degree, but graduation is a must for preschool teacher and further qualifications like NTT, PPTC and B.Ed are an added advantage.
Oi Playschool does a back end audit on the teachers it recruits to maintain the healthy learning atmosphere for children.
5. Infrastructure:
Your child needs much more than just a class room teaching, so a preschool with ample play area should be preferred. Infrastructure also needs to be child safe along with it having a space for kids to learn while playing. Do not compromise with playschools started in flats or buildings as your child will be restricted to please just indoors.
Oi Playschool's infrastructure is designed to provide joyous learning experience to children.
6. Safety & Security:
Safety is the fore most thing that comes to our mind when handling children. It is very important for a preschool to maintain all the necessary safety measures.
Though there are many other factors associated with the quality assurance in a preschool, above few points might have given you an insight on quality checks in a preschool.
There are many certifications that assure the quality standards maintained in preschool. Oi Play is ISO 9001:2008 certified by Quality Control Certification for the quality standards maintained by Oi Playschool across all its centers.
Oi Playschool is the Best Playschool in india. OI Playschool is much more than just a playschool.Oi Playschool has set itself apart at being the best in the field of early childhood education.Coping with exam stress - The role of parents (Nachita Jaiswal)
It is not uncommon to find students panicking and in their fit committing suicide. It is time that parents should wake up to help their kids deal with exam stress. There have been cases in the past where the parents were seen to put too much pressure on their ward, pushing them to take a drastic step.
Remember, high grades are important to scale up on the educational front and explore various streams, but it is not the end of it all. In these competitive times, when there are infinite career options in front of students, they are already burdened with their own thoughts. What stream should I choose? Should I go for medical or engineering? What if I made a wrong choice? What if I fail to score high, would I still get an admission in an institute of repute?
Just try and be in their shoes and you will know exactly how stressed they are. To add to the stress are our constant comparison with the siblings or friends. Are we doing justice when we force our child to get high grades or face the consequence?
How can you help your ward to cope?
1. Inculcate a positive thinking
Help your kid strike a balance in his thoughts and behavior. Instead of focusing on the negative, make him understand the power of positive thinking. The exam is already over and nobody can go back and change anything, just make them understand that thinking positive can help them plan their future better. Worrying is a waste of time and can never reap anything good.
2. Make them join some activity class
So your child just appeared for a CBSE 10th standard exam? He is anxious about his results and cannot concentrate on any activity except worrying. As a supporting parent, divert his attention. You know what your child enjoys the most, make sure you enroll him to his favorite activity class. It could be anything a guitar class, or a general exercise class.
3. Introduce them to meditation
Meditation is a powerful mind and body exercise and hence you should ensure to teach your kids about the benefits of meditation. It is one of the best tools to cope with anxiousness, worry and panic situations.
Hope these tips can help your child to cope with the after result exam stress.
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Most Common Number System (Nandan Nayak)
In this we have most common number system. Most common system in math includes rational system, decimal numbers, fractional number, whole number, and so on. In this topic we will see some example problems for decimal number, fractional numbers, whole numbers, and so on. And also we have practice problems. Let us start to study about most common number system.
Example problems for most common number system:
Example problem 1: There is a population of 30,000 bacteria in a colony. If the number of bacteria doubles every 25 minutes, what will the population be 50 minutes from now?
Solution:
First, find out how many times the population will double. Divide the number of minutes by how long it takes for the population to double.
50 ? 25 = 2
The population will double 2 times.
Now figure out what the population will be after it doubles 2 times. Multiply the population by 2 a total of 2 times.
30,000 ? 2 ? 2 = 120,000
That calculation could also be written with exponents:
30,000 ? 22 = 120,000
After 50 minutes, the population will be 120,000 bacteria.
Answer: After 50 minutes, the population will be 120,000 bacteria.
Example problem 2: Preston bikes 0.4 kilometers each school day. How far in total will Preston bike over 14 school days?
Solution:
Multiply the kilometers biked each school day by the number of school days.
0.4 ?14 +40 = 56
Count the number of decimal places in the factors. There is 1 decimal place in 0.4.
56. => 5.6
Preston will bike 5.6 kilometers.
Answer: Preston will bike 5.6 kilometers.
Practice problems for most common number system:
Practice problem 1: Crystal is creating potpourri bowls using 18 bags of shredded bark and 15 bags of flower petals. If she wants to make all the potpourri bowls identical, containing the same number of bags of shredded bark and the same number of bags of flower petals, what is the greatest number of potpourri bowls Crystal can create?
Practice problem 2: There is a population of 10,000 bacteria in a colony. If the number of bacteria doubles every 19 minutes, what will the population be 38 minutes from now?
Practice problem 3: A restaurant chef made '1 2/3 ' pints of tomato soup. Each bowl of soup holds '5/6' of a pint. How many bowls of soup will the chef be able to fill?
Solutions for most common number system:
Solution 1: The greatest number of potpourri bowls Crystal can create is 3.
Solution 2: After 38 minutes, the population will be 40,000 bacteria.
Solution 3: The chef will be able to fill 2 bowls.
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The City Of Shivaji - Pune Is Very Prominent In The Segment Of Preschool Education (Little Millennium)
The point of nursery school in pune is to provide details and impress the learners' respect to train and learning. The instructor of this Preschool advances the hand writing abilities of the students and gives the details about topics in regular's lifestyle. The Preschools deliver a simulative and rich environment in which children finds their premium to communicate successfully. The educational organizations concentrate on over-all associated with improvement kid. These individuals ensure that the children to make top high quality workouts within their day to day routine. These individuals train activities to build up capabilities as well as concentrate concerning the function.
Nursery school in Pune knowledge gives a independence of the training and learning to do innovative things during research. The teachers were greatly experienced and motivated for the students. Primary schools in Pune prepare the students to reside their own completely as well as successfully vision in the direction of living & also makes them experienced for the purpose of dealing with tests and choice taking in their lifestyle and for the success. Nursery educational organizations of Pune provide balance and lifestyle focused Preschool system. The school-teachers make a language towards the students.
They improve the plenty of activities and capabilities with subject tools. In public areas school-teachers furthermore develop a excellent declaration as well as desire for topics one of the students. Well-known Schools furthermore prize the value to train and learning towards students. General Schools in figures the learner's team ability. Well-known School helps the pupil show their invisible abilities in addition to study. They likewise give transport services for the students who stay far from the Preschool zone. The cost framework of primary schools in Pune is not much expensive different than in comparison to other preschools.
Schooling is excellent element of the children, with regards to all educational organizations, constantly we help to remember increased cost framework yet we don't consider and talk the value to train and learning. They pay fantastic concentrate on the real youngsters' thoughts. These individuals make the abilities as well as top high quality from the present pupil's capability. The Preschool associated in Pune, is actually promote the inner features of the students such as goodness, reliability, self-esteem, self-reliance as well as commitment among other individuals.
Preschools helps the students make the data capabilities as well as accomplish their own goals. The real facilities associated with organizations are better as in comparison to other Preschool as well as government organizations.
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Every Parent Has Got A Dream To Select The Best Horizons For Their Toddlers (Little Millennium)
Toddler age is the best level to educate courtesy and assist children to achieve benefits in education. It is quite apparent for mother and father to desire for mentioning their children to best level and they like to provide a great system to a good chance of their children. Nowadays in a majority of family members, working mother and father do not discover a chance to spend with their children and they are quite active to discover out the right preschool to confess children.
Internet is very helpful to search for best nursery school Bangalore. They are much beneficial to get hold of educational institutions which are especially devoted for playschools. Services or features from various playschools and those that are located in particular areas and many other significant factors are easy to recognize with the help of online. Environment of playschools and the uncommon action provided by them for enhancement of children information must be recognized by mother and father before they choose a particular preschool.
Superior range of coaching in different areas like games, character development, education and much more are provided to toddlers that are signed up with in most outstanding child's preschool. Extremely experienced and friendly professionals are liked by children and they are qualified to speak and act in the ways loved by children. Instructors should ensure to educate children with some of the primary ethical routines, since kid level is the correct age to understand some of the essential routines for lifestyle. Instructors can train children in a number of actions and provides special coaching in the field where they display much attention. Some of them prefer enjoying music, while some of them are much drawn towards dance.
Artwork, designs and artistry, group actions are experienced by little ones. Walking and many other routines are discovered by children from the educational institutions. Only best nursery school Bangalore can provide the objectives of mother or father. It is much important for mother and father to be a part of their kid in the best preschool and provide them the best second home to have nice efforts and also to understand staple items for lifestyle.
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The Galactose (dave hook)
Galactan is a polymer of the sugar galactose. It is present in hemicellulose and can be converted to galactose by hydrolysis. Galactose solubility in water is 68.30 grams per 100 grams of water at 20-25?C.
Structure and isomerism:
Galactose exists in both open-chain and cyclic form. The open-chain form has a carbonyl at the end of the chain.Four isomers are cyclic and two of them with a pyranose (six-membered) ring, two with a furanose (five-membered) ring. Galactofuranose occurs in bacteria, fungi and protozoa.
Galactose and lactose:
Galactose is a monosaccharide. When combined with glucose, thro a dehydration reaction, the result is the disaccharide lactose. The hydrolysis of lactose to form glucose and galactose is catalyzed by the enzyme lactase, a ß-galactosidase.
In the human body, glucose is converted into galactose via hexoneogenesis in order to enable the mammary glands to secrete lactose. However, most galactose in breast milk is synthesizes from galactose taken up from the blood, and only 35?6% is made by de novo synthesis. Glycerol also helps some to the mammary galactose production.
Galactose and glucose are made by hydrolysis of lactose by ß-galactosidase. This enzyme is made by the lac operon in Escherichia coli.
Sources:
It is found in dairy products, sugar beets, gums and mucilages.
It can be produced from the body, where it forms part of glycolipids and glycoproteins in several tissues.
Clinical significance:
Chronic system exposure of mice, rats, and Drosophila to D-galactose causes the acceleration of senescence and has been used as an aging model. More recently, pooled analysis made by the Harvard School of Public Health showed no specific correlation between lactose containing foods and ovarian cancer, and showed statistically insignificant increases in risk for consumption of lactose at =30 g/d. More research is necessary to ascertain possible risks.
Galactose
Galactose is in the same family as sucrose, fructose and lactose.
Galactose is found in milk and whey, as well as the human body.
Nursing infants obtain the galactose required for their development and maturation from mother's milk.
Galactose contributes directly (as well as through bonds by way of contact points on cells) to vital information and control processes in the body. It also functions as a fundamental and structural substance for cells, cell walls, and intracellular matrix.
Galactose is obtained from a protein-free distillate of whey and lactose.
High doses of galactose have a laxative effect; it is otherwise absolutely harmless.
Galactose is produced in two- to ten-gram quantities (per day) by all healthy people. This D(+) galactose has a simple sugar structure and is a basic building block of life.
Galactose is a simple sugar, without a doubt. However, it is also of considerable importance to the human organism, more than one would expect of a "simple" sugar. The following example serves to illustrate this:
The human blood types impressively illustrate the biological importance of carbohydrates in glycolipids. The following diagram depicts the terminal sugars or monosaccharides (simple sugars) of the main blood types O, A and B.
Blood types A and B only differ from blood type O by the presence of an additional monosaccharide, N-acetylgalactosamine for type A and galactose for type B. Expressed another way, blood types O and B differ only by one galactose molecule. This apparently small difference makes the difference between life and death for the human organism in blood transfusions.
This illustrative role of galactose in the human body is completely independent of the oral consumption of galactose. It is merely demonstrative of the curious juxtaposition of the simplicity of the substance and its importance to the body. It is similar to a brick. In itself it is a rather "boring" item; in the imagination of an architect and with skilled hands it can become a work of art.
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Interesting Probability Problems (p Nitin)
Thus, P(A) = m/n
Let us use this formula and solve some interesting probability problems.
Pro 1:Two dice are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability of getting :
a)an even number as the sum
b)the sum of prime number
c)a total of at least 10
d)a doublet of even number
e) a multiple of 2 on one dice and a multiple of 3 on the other
f)same number on both dice
g)a multiple of 3 as the sum
Solution: When two dice are thrown together the sample space S associated with the random experiment is given by
S= { (1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(1,5),(1,6),
(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(2,4),(2,5),(2,6), ,
(3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(3,4),(3,5),(3,6),
(4,1),(4,2),(4,3),(4,4),(4,5),(4,6),
(5,1),(5,2),(5,3),(5,4),(5,5),(5,6),
(6,1),(6,2),(6,3),(6,4),(6,5),(6,6)}
Clearly total number of events is 36
a) Let A be the event " getting an even number as the sum" i.e 2,4,6,8,10,12as the sum. Then,
A= { (1,1),(1,3),(3,1), (2,2),(1,5),(5,1),(3,3),(2,4),(4,2),(3,5),(5,3),(4,4),(6,2)(2,6),(5,5),(6,4),(4,6),(6,6)}
Favourable number of elementary events = 18
So, required probability = 18/36 =1/2
b) Let A be the event " getting the sum as a prime number" i.e 2,3,5,7,11 as the sum.Then,
A ={(1,1),(1,2),(2,1),(1,4),(4,1),(2,3),(3,2),(1,6),(6,1),(2,5),(5,2),(3,4),(4,3),(6,5),(5,6)}
Favourable number of elementary events = 15
So, required probability = 15/36 = 5/12
c)Let A be the event of "getting a total of at least 10" i.e 10,11,12.Then,
A={(6,4),(4,6),(5,5),(6,5),(5,6),(6,6)}
Favourable number of elementary events= 6
So, required probability=6/36=1/6
d)Let A be the event of getting a double of an even number.Then ,
A={(2,2),(4,4),(6,6)}
Favourable number of elementary events= 3
So, required probability=3/36=1/12
e) Let A be the event of "getting a multiple of 2 on one dice and a multiple of 3 on the other dice".Then,
A={(2,3),(2,6),((4,3),(4,6),(6,3),(6,6),(3,2),((3,4),(3,6),(6,2),(6,4)}
Favourable number of elementary events= 11
So, required probability=
f) Let A be the event of "getting the same number on both the dice."Then,
A = {(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(4,4),(5,5),(6,6)}
Favourable number of elementary events= 6
So, required probability=6/36 = 1/6
g) Let A be the event " getting a multiple of 3 as the sum" i.e 3,6,9,12 as the sum.Then,
A = {(1,2),(2,1),(1,5),(5,1),(2,4),(4,2),(3,3),(3,6),(6,3),(5,4),(4,5),(6,6)}
Favourable number of elementary events= 12
So, required probability=12/36 = 1/3
Some interesting probability problems:
Pro 2: Find the probability that a leap year will contain 53 sundays.
Sol: In a leap year there are 366 days.
366 days = 52 weeks and 2 days
Thus, a leap year has always 52 Sundays.The remaining 2 days can be:
(i) Sunday and Monday, (ii) Monday and Tuesday,
(iii)Tuesday and Wednesday , (iv) Wednesday and Thursday,
(v)Thursday and Friday,(vi)Friday and Saturday,
(vii)Saturday and Sunday.
If S is the sample space associated with this problem , then S consists of the above seven points.
The total number of elementary events =7
Let A be the event that a leap year has 53 Sundays.In order that a leap year, selected at random, should have 53 Sundays, one of the "over" days must be a Sunday.This is can be in any one of the following two ways
(i) Sunday and Monday or (ii)Saturday and Sunday
Favourable number of elementary events =2
Hence, required probability = 2/7
Some more interesting probability problems:
Pro 3: The number lock of a suitcase has 4 wheels, each labelled with ten digits i.e from 0 to 9.The lock opens with a sequence of four digits with no repeats.What is the probability of a person getting the right sequence to open the suitcase.
Sol: There are 10C4 x 4! = 5040 sequence of 4 distinct digits out of which there is only one sequence in which the lock opens
Therefore, required probability = 1/5040
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Size Of The Nucleus (Math Help)
There is a very strong and very short-range force that pulls nucleons toward each other, and an even stronger repulsive force that keeps them from overlapping each other. The result is that a nucleus 'looks' likes a closely packed set of spheres that are almost touching one another.
Nucleus of Lithium-7
As an example, we show a schematic picture of the nucleus of Lithium-7. This nucleus has 3 protons (which gives the nucleus a charge of +3, identifying it as the element Lithium) and 4 neutrons (giving it a total mass number of 7).
Natural Lithium is made up of two isotopes: Lithium-7 (92.5%) and Lithium-6 (7.5%). Lithium-6 has 3 protons (as it must if it is to be the element Lithium) but only 3 neutrons, so it has a mass number of 6.
The atoms of these two isotopes behave almost exactly the same way when doing chemistry, since the atomic electrons only care about the charge of the nucleus, but the physical properties of these two nuclei are very different. For example, the nucleus of Lithium-7 is not spherical, as the diagram above suggests, but deformed into a football-like shape as shown below.
The nucleus does not really have a sharp surface like this picture suggests. The protons and neutrons move around and there is a fuzzy quantum-mechanical probability of finding them outside the region shown with a shiny surface. We made this picture to show where th nucleons will be found most (more than 90%) of the time.
Quark Content of Lithium-7If we look more closely, we will notice that the protons and neutrons (nucleons) are made up of quarks interacting via gluon exchange. This is shown schematically in the picture below. Nuclear physicists can do experiments that look inside the nucleus to see the protons and neutrons, and they can also do experiments that allow them to see the role of quarks and gluons in nuclei.
Orna Cohen-Fix It is not known how the volume of the cell nucleus is set, nor how the ratio of nuclear volume to cell volume (N/C) is determined. Here, we have measured the size of the nucleus in growing cells of the budding yeast S. cerevisiae. Analysis of mutant yeast strains spanning a range of cell sizes revealed that the ratio of average nuclear volume to average cell volume was quite consistent, with nuclear volume being approximately 7% that of cell volume. At the single cell level, nuclear and cell size were strongly correlated in growing wild-type cells, as determined by three different microscopic approaches. Even in G1 phase, nuclear volume grew, although it did not grow quite as fast as overall cell volume. DNA content did not appear to have any immediate, direct influence on nuclear size, in that nuclear size did not increase sharply during S-phase. The maintenance of nuclear size did not require continuous growth or ribosome biogenesis, as starvation and rapamycin treatment had little immediate impact on nuclear size. Blocking the nuclear export of new ribosomal subunits, among other proteins and RNAs, with leptomycin B also had no obvious effect on nuclear size. Nuclear expansion must now be factored into conceptual and mathematical models of budding yeast growth and division. These results raise questions as to the unknown force(s) that expand the nucleus as yeast cells grow.
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Function of Cell Membrane (Omkar Nayak)
Cell membrane or plasma membrane is one of the most important parts of a cell that encloses and protects the components of a cell. Cell membrane separates the interior of a cell from outside environment. It is like a covering that encloses the different organelles of the cell and the cytoplasm that contains these organelles. In brief cell membrane physically separates the contents of the cell from the outside environment. The major function of cell membrane is the same in plant cell and animal cell. The membrane is made of two layers of phospholipids and each phospholipid molecule has a head and a tail region. The head region is called hydrophilic which shows attraction towards water molecules and the tail ends are known as hydrophobic which repels water molecules. The cell membrane also contains lots of protein molecules, which are embedded in the phospholipid layer. All these constituents of the cell membrane work jointly to carry out the functions of cell mem,brane.The functions of cell membrane are described below.
Functions of membrane:
The following are the major functions of cell membrane
Protection: one of the basic functions of a cell membrane is to act like a protective outer covering for the cell. The following are some of the cell membrane functions.
Support: Cell membrane anchors the cytoskeleton or cellular 'skeleton' made of protein and contained in the cytoplasm and gives shape to the cell.
Cell membrane helps in cell adhesion: Cell membrane is responsible for attaching the cell to the extracellular matrix so that the cells group together to form tissues.
Other functions of cell membrane
Transport of materials: Cell membrane helps in the transportation of materials needed for the functioning of the cell organelles. The semi-permeable cellmembrane of the cells helps in the transferring of those nutrients and chemicals that are required for the cell functioning. Transport may be either active at the expense of cellular energy or passive, without using cellular energy.
The proteins present in the cell membrane receive signals from the outside environment and convert the signals to messages that are passed to the organelles inside the cell.
Receptor for various substances: Proteins present on cell membrane act as a receptors or sites for hormone molecules the signal which cell to start or stop metabolic activity.
Act as barrier: The cell membrane surrounds cell and physically separates the intracellular components from the extracellular environment.
Cell communication: Specific proteins embedded in the cell membrane can act as molecular signals that allow cells to communicate with each other.
Immunity: Protein receptors can function to receive signals from both the environment and other cells. Other proteins on the surface of the cell membrane serve as "markers" that identify a cell to other cells. The interaction of these markers respective receptors forms the basis of cell in the immune system.
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Five Number Summary Tutoring (Nandan Nayak)
Five number summary is one of the important topics in mathematics. Five number summary is a sample from which they are derived from a particular group of individuals. Five number summary has a set of observations. In a single variable, it has a set of observations. Five number summary has a different statistics. Here we study about the different statistics involved in five number summary.The online tutoring for the five number summary will give the explanations to the students very interactively through the definitions, steps and examples problems. Therefore, students can learn from online.
Five number summary tutoring:
Different statistics are involved in five number summary are,
Minimum
Maximum
Median
Lower quartile
Upper quartile
Minimum:
Lowest value in the given set of numbers.
Maximum:
Largest value in the given set of numbers.
Median:
Middle value in the given set of numbers.
Lower quartile:
Number between the minimum and median.
Upper quartile:
Number between the maximum and median.
Five number summary tutoring - Steps to solve:
There are different steps to solve the five number summary are,
Observation can be arranged in the ascending order.
The lowest and largest value in the observation can be determined.
The median can be determined. When the observation has odd number of observation than the median is in middle of the observation. Otherwise it is an even number then the median is calculated by the average of the two middle numbers.
The upper quartile can be determined. When the observation minus one is divided by 4 means it is starting with the median and observations in the right side. Otherwise the observation is not divided by four means upper quartile is the median of the observation to the right of the location of overall median.
The lower quartile can be Determined. When the observation set minus one is divided by 4 then it is starting with the median and its observations in the left side. Otherwise the observation is not divided by four means lower quartile is the median of the observation to the left of the location of overall median
Five number summary tutoring - Example problem:
Example 1:
Find the five number summary for the given set of data
{535, 572, 534, 545, 529, 528, and 577}
Solution:
Given set of data
{535, 572, 534, 545, 529, 528, and 577}
{528, 529, 534, 535, 545, 572, 577} [Arrange the set in ascending order]
Minimum and Maximum values in the given set of data are 528 and 577.
Median:
Given observation is odd. So the median is middle of the observation then the median is 535.
Lower quartile:
Given observation is not divisible by four. So the lower quartile is {528, 529, and 534}
Upper quartile:
Given observation is not divisible by four. So the upper quartile is {545, 572, and 577}.
Answer:
Minimum: 528
Maximum: 577
Median: 535
Lower quartile: {528, 529 and 534}
Upper quartile: {545, 572 and 577}
Example 2:
Find the five number summary for the given set of data
{36, 71, 33, 44, 22, 27, 55 and 76}
Solution:
Given set of data
{36, 71, 33, 44, 22, 27, 55 and 76}
{22, 27, 33, 36, 44, 55, 71, 76} [Arrange the set in ascending order]
Minimum and Maximum values in the given set of data are 22 and 76.
Median:
Given observation is even. So the median is median is calculated by the average of the two middle numbers
Median = (36 + 44)/2
= 80/2
Median = 40
Lower quartile:
Given observation is not divisible by four. So the lower quartile is {22, 27, 33 and 36}
Upper quartile:
Given observation is not divisible by four. So the upper quartile is {44, 55, 71 and 76}.
Answer:
Minimum: 22
Maximum: 76
Median: 40
Lower quartile: {22, 27, 33 and 36}
Upper quartile: {44, 55, 71 and 76}
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Enroll Your Toddler In The Best Preprimary School In Pune (Little Millennium)
Preschool provides education that prepares students for Kindergarten. Children learn best with teachers that are kind and supportive; at Best playgroup in Pune, preschool staff and teachers are kind, fun loving, caring and supportive. Each staff member is required to be enthusiastic and kid loving. The environment is just as important as the hands on learning activities. The education provided is foundational to a life time of learning. The fun filled, joyful atmosphere offered at preschool is an excellent and safe environment for children to learn.
Preschool children at best preprimary school in Pune enjoy every day of their early foundational learning as it is filled with interactive play that stimulates cognitive learning skills in young children. Each classroom has a teacher as well as aides so that the needs of each child are met. In addition to classroom teachers and aides there are school cooks and staff that are assigned to clean up and keep the grounds perfected. Teachers are able to focus on each child's needs rather than taking care of the faculty and heating and preparing lunches.
The children love the colorful d?cor in each of the rooms. The camp adventure room, the preschool art room and the treetop clubhouse are each designed to inspire creative play and joyful learning. The colorful and fun classrooms inspire each child's desire to play and enjoy their learning experience. Hands on activities inspire children to learn and each child enjoy interactive puppet shows, coloring, tear free handwriting and interactive play that stimulates number recognition and alphabet sounds and recognition. Preschool learning should be fun, entertaining, interactive, inspiring and creative. Best pre-primary school in Pune gives each child a sound, creative, fun education that forms a strong foundation for their future.
Each child is given repetitious learning in a friendly group setting that teaches social child-child interaction as well as student-teacher interaction. The essential training that each child requires before their first year of elementary school is given. Along with the educational foundation preschool also teaches the "Developing Roots" curriculum which teaches character traits such as sharing, kindness and generosity. This curriculum emphasizes Hindu basics through a variety of interactive lessons using animals and puppets. The animation captures each preschooler's attention as they learn fundamental good character traits. The generous pelican is one of the animals that kids fall in love with as they learn each day.
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Star Formation (Omkar Nayak)
The process of star formation involves collapse of dense molecular clouds into a denser ball of plasma to form a star. Star Formation as a subject includes a study of interstellar medium and giant molecular clouds that precede star formation along with a study of young stellar objects including planets of stars.
Precursors to Star Formation
Empty Space, Interstellar Clouds and Cloud Collapse
Typically the space between interstellar objects, both within galaxies like our Milky Way and between galaxies situated far apart, is not an absolute void or vacuum and contains a diffused interstellar medium (ISM) of gas and dust. ISM has a very low density and about one hundred thousand to one million particles per cubic meter. Its composition by mass is approximately 70% hydrogen and the rest being made up mainly by helium with traces of heavier molecules. Higher density parts of ISM form interstellar clouds whose collapse leads to formation of stars.
Interstellar clouds contain a major part of Hydrogen in the molecular form and are hence referred to as molecular clouds too. Dense giant molecular clouds can often have densities of 100 million particles per cubic meter with very large diameters of 100 light-years (a million trillion km) and a total mass of up to a million times that of our Sun. The process of cloud collapse leads to a rise in temperature.
This internal cloud of gas remains in a stable equilibrium with the two forces of gravitational attraction and kinetic energy of particles working against each other. When the cloud gets sufficiently large and massive and the forces of gravity overcome the kinetic energy, then the process of cloud collapse begins. This may happen on its own or sometimes may be triggered by other stellar events such as collision of molecular clouds, a nearby supernova explosion and galactic collisions. Sometimes, an extremely heavy black hole at the core of a galaxy may also play a role in triggering or preventing star formation.
During the process of collapse Interstellar Cloud breaks into smaller pieces until its fragments reach stellar mass with each fragment radiating energy gained by the release of gravitational potential energy. The process of collapse leads to an increase in density restricting energy radiation and causing a rise in the temperature of the cloud. Rising gravitational force also acts to limit further fragmentation leading to formation of rotating spheres of gas called stellar embryos.
History of Protostar:
A wide range of forces caused by turbulence, spin, magnetic fields formed due to spinning and macroscopic flows come into play and are affected by and also affect the cloud geometry. These influences can hinder or accelerate the process of collapse. If the process of collapse continues the dust within the cloud becomes heated leading to a rise in temperature to around 60,000 -100,000 degrees Celsius with its particles emitting radiations of far infrared wavelengths promoting further collapse of the cloud and rise of temperature in the core.
Rising core temperature and declining density of the surrounding gases create conditions congenial to let the energy escape. This allows the core temperature to rise further causing dissociation of hydrogen molecules. Resulting ionization of hydrogen and helium atoms absorbs energy of contraction. The process of collapse continues until a new equilibrium is reached between the internal pressure of hot gases and gravitational forces. The object so formed is called a protostar.
Star Formation
Protostar continues to grow by attracting material and finally when the conditions are just right the process of fusion begins. Resulting radiation further slows the process of collapse. Finally the surrounding gas and dust envelope is eliminated through absorption into protostar or dispersal and further accretion of mass stops though the process of collapse continues.
At this stage the main source of energy continues to be gravitational contraction and the object is called a pre-main sequence (PMS) star. Further collapse stops at a point and fusion process begins in the core replacing gravity as the main source of energy. The object then begins a main sequence star. Further life cycle of the star thus formed depends on its size.
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Online Preschool Games for Kids (Grisel Herrick)
Learning begins the moment a child is born; this makes what and how much the kid learns instrumental as the first few years as it affects cognitive and emotional skills development making preschool education a must. Through the use of online preschool games for kids, a parent can initiate the learning process from home while teaching a variety of topics such as: math, literacy and science. This is done through activities that range from cooking lessons, art projects, and songs, creating a fun learning environment. As many of these topics provide a hands-on approach, it makes it easier for kids to grasp the concepts being taught.
Since kids may not be able to process difficult abstract concepts at an early age, presenting lessons in an easy-to-understand way enables the kids to learn what is being taught more quickly. When adhering to online preschool games for kids, suggestions are made for outdoor activities that include counting everyday objects you see, like trees and houses, thereby creating a math exercise. Even asking for the names of the colors of the objects becomes a recognition exercise. These activities can be done on a daily basis and monitored easily with a daily calendar to track the kid's progress.
The daily calendar helps to keep track of the progress being made with the online preschool games for kids. This gives a comprehensive daily checklist of the items to be covered for the day and checks these items off once the day is complete. This gives the parent an easy-to-use planner that allows them to see what has already been completed. It also shows the lessons that have been repeated as repetition is a teaching method that works well for kids. The repetition of the core concepts help kids to retain the lesson being taught and by being creative the activities can make the concepts fun to learn. Because the lessons and activities can be varied, they can be done anywhere at any point in the day. Online learning makes it easy to learn from anywhere with Internet access allowing parents to access online preschool games for kids. This makes it convenient to not only teach kids the important concepts they need to know, but it also allows the parents to be able to access everything they need to teach their kids including: the curriculum, hands-on-learning, as well as other features available within online preschool games for kids. Even videos are available to assist in helping you get started and continuing with learning in a fun and creative way from anywhere. ChalkPreschool educational online preschool games for kids to ensure all round development. To know about the different Halloween crafts for children, you may also visit Wisegeek.com.
Non Conventional Energy Resources (Omkar Nayak)
With increasing demand for energy and with fast depleting conventional sources of energy such as coal, petroleum, natural gas etc. the non-conventional sources of energy such as energy from sun, wind, biomass, tidal energy, geothermal energy and even energy from waste material are gaining importance. This energy is abundant, renewable, pollution free and Eco-friendly. It can be more conveniently supplied to urban, rural and even remote areas. Thus it is capable of solving the twin problems of energy supply in a decentralized manner and helping in sustaining cleaner environment.
non conventional energy resources : Types of non conventional energy resources
The different types of non-conventional sources of energy:
1. Wind energy - Wind is another important source of non-conventional energy. The sun heats up the earth unevenly, winds are formed. The kinetic energy of winds can be used to run wind turbines to produce electricity.
2. Hydro power - Generation of electricity from hydro power sources is a low cost, environment friendly and renewable source of energy.
3. Solar energy - Sun is the source of all energy on the earth. It is the inexhaustible source of energy and zero emissions of greenhouse gas and air pollutants. Solar energy can be applied in many ways, including:
i. To generate electricity using photovoltaic solar cells, space solar power satellite.
ii. To heat foodstuffs, through solar ovens.
iii. To heat water for domestic consumption and heating using rooftop solar panels.
iv. To heat and cool air through use of solar chimneys.
4. Energy from wastes - Generation of waste is inevitable in many human activities. In nature, a balance is maintained as the waste generated by animals and human beings serve as nourishment for the plant life. This waste is processed and treated further to produce electricity.
5. Geothermal energy - It is the energy obtained by tapping the heat of the earth itself, usually from kilometers deep into the earth's crust. This energy is derived from the radioactive decay in the core of the earth, which heats the earth from the inside out.
6. Energy from bio gas - Bio gas is based upon the use of dung to produce gas which is used as domestic fuel especially in rural areas. This technique is based on the decomposition of organic matter in the absence of air to yield gas consisting of methane (55%) and carbon dioxide (45%) which can be used as a source of energy.
7. Tidal energy - It is the energy derived from the tides developed in the oceans and seas, which is used for generating power.
non conventional energy resources : Advantages of non conventional energy resources
They are inexhaustible source of energy.
They are pollution free. Therefore considered to be environment friendly.
They are very inexpensive.
Comprehending Specialized Learning Needs and Various Alternatives (Eblcoaching)
For such children not only learning becomes difficult but they may also face problems while facing a large group of people which can significantly affect their social life as well. However learning can be made easier and effective employing various techniques and the disability does not need to affect an individual's social and personal life.
Learning Disabilities in Children
Kids who suffer from learning disabilities find it hard to cope up with the routine studies at the regular schools. To encourage learning, the parents need to take out extra time for their kids to help them out with school as they can also be successful similar to that of other kids of their standard. To ensure this, it is important to take into consideration the learning difficulty while choosing the classes they already have in school.
How to Improve the Conditions
If you observe the child is struggling at a certain point or perhaps a class, it is essential to talk about the same with the school authorities, find out answers and alternatives as well. One of the best resolutions can be a tutor who can help the kid in his studies before and after the school. Or the parents can also place their kids in special education class for the particular subject.
For instance there is an after school class called Bridges and is designed and intended to aid the kids who find it difficult to read or carry out mathematical operations. Since the class has a limited number of students, the teachers can put more attention on the individual kid pertaining to whatever problem they may have. This sort of learning will help the kid to improve on their weakness in the most desirable manner.
Special education schools are also an option if nothing seems to work out. These schools are ideal when it comes to teaching the children with special needs. They specialize in a number of methods and follow certain techniques to improve learning among the students. Individual Education Program (IEP) is what these approaches are called and adheres to the research based learning techniques.
Specialized Approaches
One such technique is Orton-Gillingham methodology that refers to a systematic and multi-sensory approach that make the kids learn and even the adults suffering from dyslexia or similar kind of disorder. The approach combines plenty of neurological processes at the time of writing or reading by facilitating auditory, visual and kinesthetic learning tasks.The learning programs in Orton Gillingham Tutoring in Bergen County adhere to this approach and are indeed a revolution for the future of instructional theory.
Essential Tips for Summer Learning (SchoolsNMore)
Set a game plan: You could even call it a 'curriculum' for the summer but it is essentially a structured approach to what you would like to cover with the kids over the break. This will help you plan better in terms of getting books from the library, ordering material online etc. If the kids are older, then by all means get their input into what they would like to focus on. We tried an approach where we had a schedule for the week where each of my kids could choose their subject for the day. Once you have set a plan, here are some fun ways to cover key areas of learning over the holidays:
Reading: Through the school year kids are encouraged to read for at least 20 minutes a day. Ideally this habit should be continued through the holidays.
* If you're trying to find the right books for your child to read, you can tap into your child's school. Many will put out recommended summer reading and if no formal list is out, have a chat with your child's current teacher to see if he/she can recommend some books. At a minimum get a sense of your child's reading level and the recommended level for the next grade.
* The library is another wonderful source especially over the summer. Many local libraries have reading programs that give kids little rewards for maintaining their reading log and you can also find leveled readers appropriate to your child's reading level. Share with your kids the joy of browsing through books in the library and then get them to pick the ones that they would like to take home.
* Introduce fun word and reading related activities such as word scrambles, crosswords etc.
Math: With the luxury of time on your side, there are several ways to make Math fun over the holidays:
* Playing Math-related games such as Number Sequence and Zingo Numbers are a great way to spark a love for math in your kids
* Teach your kids some money management by rewarding them for household chores and letting them save/spend their earnings
* Use the time to hone in on conceptual learning - you can use a variety of material in the house from food to legos to drive home the basic concepts of multiplication/division etc.
Science: With so much to do outdoors how about a real-life lesson in botany or zoology?
* Take the help your kids when you are gardening or better still get them a little pot or two to grow their own plants. It's so much more fun to learn about different parts of a plant or a flower outside the confines of a classroom
* There are several books or self-contained toys that you can get which give you ideas on science experiments that can be easily conducted at home. You can start out with easy ones such as floating/sinking and then move onto more ambitious ones.
* Incorporate a 'field trip' once a week or fortnight to a science museum or an IMAX show.
Art:
* Summer is probably the easiest time to let your kids make a mess! So let them get their fill of finger paints, glue, glitter and any other fun stuff that typically you would limit on a normal school day.
* Allow them to pick one project that they will work on over the holidays - this could something like developing an art portfolio or designing a scrap book. Whatever they decide on, it will help to have one item that they can call their own and remain a memento of their summer vacation.
Writing: You probably will encounter the most opposition here since kids don't enjoy writing. Some ways to get them to practice learning over the break include:
* Maintaining a journal or a travelogue: Encourage your kids to keep a vacation journal which they update at least a couple of times a week. Allowing them to draw alongside will also make it a little more fun. If they happen to travel over the break then give them a diary to maintain a log of the interesting things they came across.
* Write letters to a grandparent or cousin: While it may be a completely alien concept to them, there is a lot of fun in writing a letter the old-fashioned way on pen and paper.
Let them pick who they want to write to and once done you could take them to the post office where they can actually drop their letter off in the mail.
None of the above efforts involve a lot of time or money. The idea is to let the kids enjoy over the summer but intersperse the play with short periods of fun learning so that they don't lose complete touch with school work over the holidays and are able to make a smooth transition when the next school year starts.
Schools'N More is an education focused website that provides information on schools, activities and other learning resources for kids. We also feature useful articles on parenting as well as education and offer School Search Assistance for families looking to find the right school for their kids.Important tips to crack Economics A Level course (Sen Amit)
There are some basic concepts that you should know before taking up the Econs course or even before hiring Economics tutors. These include charts, essays, analytical approach, and understanding case studies. You must be confident and comfortable about these concepts before taking up this course.
The basic points that you should keep in mind while dealing with these concepts-
Drawing Graphs
* The key thing to keep in mind while drawing a diagram is to make sure the size is neither too small not too big. Be it a graph, chart, or a diagram the size should be appropriate as per the size of your paper or in case of a test answer sheet.
* Another thing is that no tuition agency teaches you to place the graphs in the center of the page. Do not try to write in or on or around the graphs, always put down your answers above or below the diagram.
* If the answer involves multiple graphs, title the graphs with proper names or numeric nomenclature.
* The whole purpose of your graph will stand defeated if your do not mark the axis of the diagram. Therefore mark the axis properly and also mention the scale for the same.
* Also, make sure to use diagram or charts if and when necessary. They are not a prop for your answers. So use them judiciously and use them well.
Economic Essays
* Economic essays are an important part of the A level course syllabus, and therefore it is important to understand what you should and should not include in it. Once you get an essay topic, try to understand the basic requirements and try to build your essay accordingly.
* Another thing is to keep in mind is that every point needs to be clearly explained without beating around the bush. Try to incorporate factual information and figures, in your essay to make it more authentic. Avoid using generic sentences.
* Always consider both sides of the argument. Suppose you are writing about negative impact of imports on the economy of Singapore, make sure you present both the sides of the case. This shows that you have extensive knowledge of the subject matter and are well versed in the essay topic.
* Always put a conclusion to your essay, in which you can summarize the important points very briefly.
Case Studies
* Case studies are very complex, as they are contextual and its matter changes from one case to the other. So there is no one way to present case studies, but the important thing is to understand the instructions and follow them.
* Use factual, statistical, theoretical as well as textual references to back your findings about the case.
* Avoid giving elaborate descriptions of data and its analysis as they hold very less value and fetch very little marks.
* Try to keep it short, crisp and simple.
The Smart workshop offers to all kinds of experience Economics tuition and Jc economics for having best education and knowledge. you can find more info about: A level economics, tuition agency and Economics Tutors.Home KG Review (Cactac Studios)
Home KG is known to be an extra ordinary preschool learning app that allows your child to learn all the basics of different subjects without much efforts, as it is designed in a way that would help your toddler to learn everything in a Fun way. The best thing about this pre-school app is that it is absolutely free to use, You can download this fun Educational app for iPad from iTunes.
Home KG surely gives your child an extensive edge, as you really don't need to waste paper, pen or need to spend hours on your children to know the basics of learning, as this pre-school app will minimize the learning time of your child, hence allowing him to grasp more in a limited time frame, and neither you need to work real hard in order to make your child understand each and everything. One of the reasons for this is that this preschool teacher calls out the name of every alphabet, digit as well as shape in a loud and clear voice, hence allowing your child to listen and learn in the best possible manner. A child always learns stuff in his beginning years just by listening, but this Kids Education app is following even a higher level, as a child will be able to learn all the compulsory basics via audio as well as visual methods, hence allowing your child and you to make the most out of it.
With this Pre Kindergarten app, your child will be able to:
* Learn Alphabets.
* Learn and recognize different shapes.
* Learn digits from 0 to 9.
Hence all such things makes it a perfect preschool teacher that will help your kids to learn in the best possible manner, as all a kid has to do is to swipe his finger over iPad to move to the next level of this kids education app. This kids learning app will surely help you to create a strong bond between you and your children, as the interface of this application is way much interactive and easy to use, hence allowing him to know what to do next without pulling in much efforts.
So get your hands over this out of the box learning app for preschoolers from iTunes and take your child's learning to a whole new level!
Home KG is known to be an extra ordinary preschool learning app.Neutron Star Black Hole (Nandan Nayak)
Introduction to Neutron Star Black Hole
A star is formed when a large amount of interstellar gas, mostly H2 and He starts to collapse on itself due to the gravitational attraction between the gas atoms or molecules . As the gas contracts it heats up due to atomic collisions. As the gas continues to contract, the collision rate increases to such an extent, that the gas becomes very hot, and the gas atoms are stripped off their electrons, and the matter is in a completely ionized state, containing bare nuclei and electrons. Such a state of matter is called plasma state. Under these conditions, the bare nuclei have enough energy to fuse with each other. Thus hydrogen nuclei fuse in such a manner to form helium with the release of large amount of energy in the form of radiation. The radiation emitted in this process is mostly emitted in the form of visible light, UV light, IR light etc., from its outer surface. This radiation is what causes the star to shine, which makes them visible (Ex : Sun and other visible stars).
Neutron star black hole : Process
The star at the stage is halted from gravitational collapse( contraction) since the gravitational attraction of matter towards the centre of the star is balanced by the out ward radiation pressure. A star will remain stable like this for millions of years, until it runs out of nuclear fuel such as H_ and He. The more massive a star is , faster will be the rate at which it will use its fuel because greater energy is required to balance the greater gravitational attraction owing to greater mass i.e., massive stars burn out quickly. When the nuclear fuel is over, i.e., when the star cools off, the radiation pressure is not sufficient to halt the gravitational collapse. The star then begins to shrink with tremendous increase in the density. The star eventually settles into a white dwarf, Neutron star or Black hole depending upon its initial mass
Neutron Star and Black Hole : Conditions
For a star to become a neutron star, its initial mass must be greater than ten solar masses. (M> 10Ms ). As a star with initial mass M > 10 Ms cools off the large mass of the star causes it to contract abruptly, and when it runs out of fuel it springs back and explodes violently. This explosion flings most of the star matter into space and such a state of star is called a Supernova. A supernova explosion is very bright and outshines the light of an entire galaxy. The mass of the matter left behind is greater than 1.4 Ms . If the mass of the left over matter is between 1.4 Ms and 3 Ms Neutron stars evolve. At this stage the repulsion between electrons will not be able to halt further gravitational collapse. Under such conditions, the protons and electrons present in the star combine to form neutrons. After the formation of neutrons, the outward degeneracy pressure between neutrons prevents further gravitational collapse, and the matter left over is called the Neutron Star.
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Interest Rate Differential (p Nitin)
The term interest rate differential (IRD) has multiple usages.
In the mortgage industry, an Interest Rate Differential is used to determine a pre-payment penalty, to account for the excess of the paid-off mortgage's rate over prevailing rates.
In foreign exchange, the term refers to the practice of borrowing in the currency of a country where interest rates are low and lending the proceeds in the currency of a country where interest rates are higher. The difference in borrowing and lending rates, i.e. the Interest Rate Differential, is anticipated profit.
Applications of Interest Rate Differential in mortgage industry
Prepayment
Pre-payment of a mortgage in the first year usually results in a fee proportionate to the size of the mortgage. Interest rates do not generally change much in one year. The amount lost in future interest collections from a one-year drop in interest rates does not usually approach the usual balance-based first-year pre-payment penalties. Therefore it is reasonable for lenders not to use the IRD as a base for such fees.
After the first year of a mortgage, a pre-payment penalty may be based on the change in interest rates since the loan origination. The remainder of the fixed-rate term (before the loan resets in its ARM phase) would be the basis for determining the bank's loss. For example, if an ARM resets after five years, and the mortgage is repaid in full after three, the lender would charge for the interest income lost. If the fixed rate was 8 percent and prevailing rates are currently 6 percent, then the lender would charge for the 2 percent difference to be lost over the next two years.
A homeowner that thinks he is taking advantage of prevailing rates in fact may not be, at least for the remainder of the mortgage's fixed-rate term.
Interest modification
Instead of paying the loan off in full, a homeowner in an ARM may want the interest adjusted before the end of the term. This may be a futile exercise if the bank charges for the interest income to be lost over the subsequent two years. The situation is the same as in a mortgage payoff, trying to recover the drop in interest rates with an up-front fee.
Application of Interest Rate Differential in foriegn excahnge
Forex: Carry Trade Market
The carry trade market, in foreign exchange, is the practice of borrowing in the currency of a country where interest rates are low and lending the proceeds in the currency of a country where interest rates are higher. The Interest Rate Differential determines the profit. This profit is not guaranteed, however, as exchange rates do fluctuate. The practice is also known as uncovered interest arbitrage.
Traders in the foreign exchange market use interest rate differentials (IRD) when pricing forward exchange rates. Based on the interest rate parity, a trader can create an expectation of the future exchange rate between two currencies and set the premium (or discount) on the current market exchange rate futures contracts.
The Interest Rate Differential is a key component of the carry trade. For example, say an investor borrows US$1,000 and converts the funds into British pounds, allowing the investor to purchase a British bond. If the purchased bond yields 7% while the equivalent U.S. bond yields 3%, then the IRD equals 4% (7-3%). The Interest Rate Differential is the amount the investor can expect to profit using a carry trade. This profit is ensured only if the exchange rate between dollars and pounds remains constant.
Forex: Futures
In interest arbitrage, an exchange-rate fluctuation can effectively cancel out profit from the Interest Rate Differential. Therefore, a forward contract (or future) may be sold to fix the exchange rate for the future repatriation of the second currency to the first. This is called hedged interest arbitrage, and is virtually risk-free, unless a government institutes strong controls that prevent fulfillment of the futures contract or repatriation of the investment returns.
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Interesting Probability Problems (p Nitin)
Thus, P(A) = m/n
Let us use this formula and solve some interesting probability problems.
Pro 1:Two dice are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability of getting :
a)an even number as the sum
b)the sum of prime number
c)a total of at least 10
d)a doublet of even number
e) a multiple of 2 on one dice and a multiple of 3 on the other
f)same number on both dice
g)a multiple of 3 as the sum
Solution: When two dice are thrown together the sample space S associated with the random experiment is given by
S= { (1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(1,5),(1,6),
(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(2,4),(2,5),(2,6), ,
(3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(3,4),(3,5),(3,6),
(4,1),(4,2),(4,3),(4,4),(4,5),(4,6),
(5,1),(5,2),(5,3),(5,4),(5,5),(5,6),
(6,1),(6,2),(6,3),(6,4),(6,5),(6,6)}
Clearly total number of events is 36
a) Let A be the event " getting an even number as the sum" i.e 2,4,6,8,10,12as the sum. Then,
A= { (1,1),(1,3),(3,1), (2,2),(1,5),(5,1),(3,3),(2,4),(4,2),(3,5),(5,3),(4,4),(6,2)(2,6),(5,5),(6,4),(4,6),(6,6)}
Favourable number of elementary events = 18
So, required probability = 18/36 =1/2
b) Let A be the event " getting the sum as a prime number" i.e 2,3,5,7,11 as the sum.Then,
A ={(1,1),(1,2),(2,1),(1,4),(4,1),(2,3),(3,2),(1,6),(6,1),(2,5),(5,2),(3,4),(4,3),(6,5),(5,6)}
Favourable number of elementary events = 15
So, required probability = 15/36 = 5/12
c)Let A be the event of "getting a total of at least 10" i.e 10,11,12.Then,
A={(6,4),(4,6),(5,5),(6,5),(5,6),(6,6)}
Favourable number of elementary events= 6
So, required probability=6/36=1/6
d)Let A be the event of getting a double of an even number.Then ,
A={(2,2),(4,4),(6,6)}
Favourable number of elementary events= 3
So, required probability=3/36=1/12
e) Let A be the event of "getting a multiple of 2 on one dice and a multiple of 3 on the other dice".Then,
A={(2,3),(2,6),((4,3),(4,6),(6,3),(6,6),(3,2),((3,4),(3,6),(6,2),(6,4)}
Favourable number of elementary events= 11
So, required probability=
f) Let A be the event of "getting the same number on both the dice."Then,
A = {(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(4,4),(5,5),(6,6)}
Favourable number of elementary events= 6
So, required probability=6/36 = 1/6
g) Let A be the event " getting a multiple of 3 as the sum" i.e 3,6,9,12 as the sum.Then,
A = {(1,2),(2,1),(1,5),(5,1),(2,4),(4,2),(3,3),(3,6),(6,3),(5,4),(4,5),(6,6)}
Favourable number of elementary events= 12
So, required probability=12/36 = 1/3
Some interesting probability problems:
Pro 2: Find the probability that a leap year will contain 53 sundays.
Sol: In a leap year there are 366 days.
366 days = 52 weeks and 2 days
Thus, a leap year has always 52 Sundays.The remaining 2 days can be:
(i) Sunday and Monday, (ii) Monday and Tuesday,
(iii)Tuesday and Wednesday , (iv) Wednesday and Thursday,
(v)Thursday and Friday,(vi)Friday and Saturday,
(vii)Saturday and Sunday.
If S is the sample space associated with this problem , then S consists of the above seven points.
The total number of elementary events =7
Let A be the event that a leap year has 53 Sundays.In order that a leap year, selected at random, should have 53 Sundays, one of the "over" days must be a Sunday.This is can be in any one of the following two ways
(i) Sunday and Monday or (ii)Saturday and Sunday
Favourable number of elementary events =2
Hence, required probability = 2/7
Some more interesting probability problems:
Pro 3: The number lock of a suitcase has 4 wheels, each labelled with ten digits i.e from 0 to 9.The lock opens with a sequence of four digits with no repeats.What is the probability of a person getting the right sequence to open the suitcase.
Sol: There are 10C4 x 4! = 5040 sequence of 4 distinct digits out of which there is only one sequence in which the lock opens
Therefore, required probability = 1/5040
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Interest Rate Differential (p Nitin)
The term interest rate differential (IRD) has multiple usages.
In the mortgage industry, an Interest Rate Differential is used to determine a pre-payment penalty, to account for the excess of the paid-off mortgage's rate over prevailing rates.
In foreign exchange, the term refers to the practice of borrowing in the currency of a country where interest rates are low and lending the proceeds in the currency of a country where interest rates are higher. The difference in borrowing and lending rates, i.e. the Interest Rate Differential, is anticipated profit.
Applications of Interest Rate Differential in mortgage industry
Prepayment
Pre-payment of a mortgage in the first year usually results in a fee proportionate to the size of the mortgage. Interest rates do not generally change much in one year. The amount lost in future interest collections from a one-year drop in interest rates does not usually approach the usual balance-based first-year pre-payment penalties. Therefore it is reasonable for lenders not to use the IRD as a base for such fees.
After the first year of a mortgage, a pre-payment penalty may be based on the change in interest rates since the loan origination. The remainder of the fixed-rate term (before the loan resets in its ARM phase) would be the basis for determining the bank's loss. For example, if an ARM resets after five years, and the mortgage is repaid in full after three, the lender would charge for the interest income lost. If the fixed rate was 8 percent and prevailing rates are currently 6 percent, then the lender would charge for the 2 percent difference to be lost over the next two years.
A homeowner that thinks he is taking advantage of prevailing rates in fact may not be, at least for the remainder of the mortgage's fixed-rate term.
Interest modification
Instead of paying the loan off in full, a homeowner in an ARM may want the interest adjusted before the end of the term. This may be a futile exercise if the bank charges for the interest income to be lost over the subsequent two years. The situation is the same as in a mortgage payoff, trying to recover the drop in interest rates with an up-front fee.
Application of Interest Rate Differential in foriegn excahnge
Forex: Carry Trade Market
The carry trade market, in foreign exchange, is the practice of borrowing in the currency of a country where interest rates are low and lending the proceeds in the currency of a country where interest rates are higher. The Interest Rate Differential determines the profit. This profit is not guaranteed, however, as exchange rates do fluctuate. The practice is also known as uncovered interest arbitrage.
Traders in the foreign exchange market use interest rate differentials (IRD) when pricing forward exchange rates. Based on the interest rate parity, a trader can create an expectation of the future exchange rate between two currencies and set the premium (or discount) on the current market exchange rate futures contracts.
The Interest Rate Differential is a key component of the carry trade. For example, say an investor borrows US$1,000 and converts the funds into British pounds, allowing the investor to purchase a British bond. If the purchased bond yields 7% while the equivalent U.S. bond yields 3%, then the IRD equals 4% (7-3%). The Interest Rate Differential is the amount the investor can expect to profit using a carry trade. This profit is ensured only if the exchange rate between dollars and pounds remains constant.
Forex: Futures
In interest arbitrage, an exchange-rate fluctuation can effectively cancel out profit from the Interest Rate Differential. Therefore, a forward contract (or future) may be sold to fix the exchange rate for the future repatriation of the second currency to the first. This is called hedged interest arbitrage, and is virtually risk-free, unless a government institutes strong controls that prevent fulfillment of the futures contract or repatriation of the investment returns.
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The Galactose (dave hook)
Galactan is a polymer of the sugar galactose. It is present in hemicellulose and can be converted to galactose by hydrolysis. Galactose solubility in water is 68.30 grams per 100 grams of water at 20-25?C.
Structure and isomerism:
Galactose exists in both open-chain and cyclic form. The open-chain form has a carbonyl at the end of the chain.Four isomers are cyclic and two of them with a pyranose (six-membered) ring, two with a furanose (five-membered) ring. Galactofuranose occurs in bacteria, fungi and protozoa.
Galactose and lactose:
Galactose is a monosaccharide. When combined with glucose, thro a dehydration reaction, the result is the disaccharide lactose. The hydrolysis of lactose to form glucose and galactose is catalyzed by the enzyme lactase, a ß-galactosidase.
In the human body, glucose is converted into galactose via hexoneogenesis in order to enable the mammary glands to secrete lactose. However, most galactose in breast milk is synthesizes from galactose taken up from the blood, and only 35?6% is made by de novo synthesis. Glycerol also helps some to the mammary galactose production.
Galactose and glucose are made by hydrolysis of lactose by ß-galactosidase. This enzyme is made by the lac operon in Escherichia coli.
Sources:
It is found in dairy products, sugar beets, gums and mucilages.
It can be produced from the body, where it forms part of glycolipids and glycoproteins in several tissues.
Clinical significance:
Chronic system exposure of mice, rats, and Drosophila to D-galactose causes the acceleration of senescence and has been used as an aging model. More recently, pooled analysis made by the Harvard School of Public Health showed no specific correlation between lactose containing foods and ovarian cancer, and showed statistically insignificant increases in risk for consumption of lactose at =30 g/d. More research is necessary to ascertain possible risks.
Galactose
Galactose is in the same family as sucrose, fructose and lactose.
Galactose is found in milk and whey, as well as the human body.
Nursing infants obtain the galactose required for their development and maturation from mother's milk.
Galactose contributes directly (as well as through bonds by way of contact points on cells) to vital information and control processes in the body. It also functions as a fundamental and structural substance for cells, cell walls, and intracellular matrix.
Galactose is obtained from a protein-free distillate of whey and lactose.
High doses of galactose have a laxative effect; it is otherwise absolutely harmless.
Galactose is produced in two- to ten-gram quantities (per day) by all healthy people. This D(+) galactose has a simple sugar structure and is a basic building block of life.
Galactose is a simple sugar, without a doubt. However, it is also of considerable importance to the human organism, more than one would expect of a "simple" sugar. The following example serves to illustrate this:
The human blood types impressively illustrate the biological importance of carbohydrates in glycolipids. The following diagram depicts the terminal sugars or monosaccharides (simple sugars) of the main blood types O, A and B.
Blood types A and B only differ from blood type O by the presence of an additional monosaccharide, N-acetylgalactosamine for type A and galactose for type B. Expressed another way, blood types O and B differ only by one galactose molecule. This apparently small difference makes the difference between life and death for the human organism in blood transfusions.
This illustrative role of galactose in the human body is completely independent of the oral consumption of galactose. It is merely demonstrative of the curious juxtaposition of the simplicity of the substance and its importance to the body. It is similar to a brick. In itself it is a rather "boring" item; in the imagination of an architect and with skilled hands it can become a work of art.
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